Public Consultation on Draft Guidance for the Australian Drinking Water Guidelines

Overview

The National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) is inviting feedback on draft guidance material developed for the Australian Drinking Water Guidelines (the Guidelines) on ammonia, nickel and chlorate, and ongoing edits and corrections to the Guidelines.

NHMRC is seeking feedback relating to the following guidance material:

  • Draft chemical fact sheet – Ammonia

  • Draft chemical fact sheet – Nickel

  • Draft chemical fact sheet – Chlorine dioxide, chlorite, chlorate

  • Proposed consequential updates throughout the Guidelines to ensure alignment with the draft chemical fact sheets

  • Proposed edits and corrections to Chapter 5 of the Guidelines (Microbial Quality of Drinking Water), Appendix 3 (Derivation of microbial treatment targets for enteric pathogens), updates to ISO and AS/NZS Standards, and other amendments throughout the Guidelines.

The draft guidance material is available for download below. Supporting information for each chemical fact sheet review (including review reports) and an Administrative report outlining the guideline development process, are also available for your information.

Feedback on other aspects of water quality management or on other sections of the Guidelines are beyond the scope of this consultation and will not be considered. 

What are the Australian Drinking Water Guidelines?

The Guidelines are part of the National Water Quality Management Strategy and are designed to provide a framework for safe, good quality drinking water, how it can be achieved and how it can be assured.

Since the Guidelines were published in 2011, NHMRC maintains the Guidelines through a rolling review process to ensure they represent the latest scientific evidence on good quality drinking water. Updates to specific sections, including the chemical fact sheets, are prioritised based on expert advice and availability of new or emerging scientific evidence.

What is changing?

Based on a review of the available evidence, NHMRC is proposing:

  • Updates to chemical fact sheets on ammonia, nickel and chlorate (within the broader chlorine dioxide, chlorite, chlorate fact sheet)
  • Edits and corrections to Chapter 5 (Microbial Quality of Drinking Water), Appendix 3 (Derivation of microbial treatment targets for enteric pathogens), ISO and AS/NZS Standards and other amendments through the Guidelines.

The draft guidance material proposes retaining the current aesthetic guideline value for ammonia, raising the health-based guideline value for nickel and establishing a new health-based guideline value for chlorate in drinking water.

Table 1. Potential guideline recommendations for public consultation

Chemical/ Fact Sheet under review

Current guideline recommendation in the Guidelines

Potential guideline recommendation for public consultation

Ammonia

Based on aesthetic considerations (corrosion of copper pipes and fittings), the concentration of ammonia (measured as ammonia) in drinking water should not exceed 0.5 mg/L.

No health-based guideline value is set for ammonia.

Based on aesthetic considerations (corrosion of copper pipes and fittings), the concentration of ammonia (measured as total ammonia) in drinking water should not exceed 0.5 mg/L.

No health-based guideline value is set for ammonia.

Nickel

Based on health considerations, the concentration of nickel in drinking water should not exceed 0.02 mg/L.    

Based on health considerations, the concentration of nickel in drinking water should not exceed 0.05 mg/L.

Chlorate

(within the broader chlorine dioxide, chlorite, chlorate fact sheet)

Data are insufficient to set a guideline value in drinking water.

Action to reduce chlorite is encouraged, but must not compromise disinfection, as non-disinfected water poses significantly greater risk than chlorite.      

Based on health considerations, the concentration of chlorate in drinking water should not exceed 0.8 mg/L.

Action to reduce the formation of chlorite and chlorate is encouraged, but must not compromise disinfection, as non-disinfected water poses significantly greater risk than chlorite and chlorate. Water suppliers should be aware that implementing new guideline values for disinfection by-products may take additional time and resources, particularly where further treatment or infrastructure changes are required, and should be done in consultation with the relevant health authority or drinking water regulator.

How can I make a submission?

Submissions should be made via the online form below.

The form invites responses to specific questions on the draft guidance material. Please note the form does not allow for attachments to be uploaded.

You do not have to provide comments on all questions. Please focus on the question/s of most interest to you and/or your organisation.

Where possible, please refer to the relevant page number of the relevant document when providing comments.

The closing date for submissions is 5 June 2026 (11:59 pm AEST).

Extensions may be considered upon request: please email the Water Team at water@nhmrc.gov.au before the closing date.

Why your views matter

The information provided during this consultation will help us strengthen the management framework for drinking water quality across Australia. Your feedback will assist us in making this guidance as user friendly and relevant as possible.

At the end of the consultation period, all submissions will be considered by the Water Quality Advisory Committee in consultation with the NHMRC.

It is expected that the guidance material will be published as part of the next update to the Guidelines.

Consultation material

The draft chemical fact sheets, proposed edits and corrections, Administrative Report and the supporting evidence reviews (research protocols, evidence evaluation reports and technical reports) are all available to download below.

You may choose to open any document or link in a new tab by right clicking and selecting "Open link in new tab".

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Submit your Feedback Here

Closes 5 Jun 2026

Opened 22 Apr 2026

Audiences

  • Businesses
  • Community groups
  • Health professionals
  • Health workforce
  • Local governments
  • Non-government organisations
  • State government agencies

Interests

  • Drinking Water Quality